Penn State Research Explores Sustainable Aquaculture in Zambia

A new study led by researchers at Penn State has shed light on the challenges and opportunities facing smallholder fish farmers in northern Zambia. With Africa grappling with a “fish deficit” and a growing need for protein sources, aquaculture presents a promising solution. However, limited access to resources, particularly commercial fish feed, poses a significant obstacle for many farmers.

The study, published in Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems, investigated how farmers integrate aquaculture with other agricultural practices, such as crop and livestock farming, to maximize resource utilization. Researchers found that factors like income, experience, access to markets, and proximity to support services significantly influenced the intensity of fish feeding.

“Farmers who most intensively managed their fishponds used a wider diversity of local feeds, including livestock manure, homemade feeds, and even garden residues,” said Jacob Johnson, lead researcher and a recent Penn State doctoral graduate. “While these alternative feeds may not be as nutritionally rich as commercial options, they are more readily available and affordable for smallholder farmers.”

The study highlights the importance of integrating local knowledge and practices into aquaculture development strategies. By encouraging the use of locally available resources and supporting farmers with access to information and markets, policymakers and development organizations can help smallholder farmers thrive and contribute to sustainable food security in Zambia.

This research has significant implications for improving food security and livelihoods in Africa. By understanding the challenges and opportunities facing smallholder fish farmers, researchers and policymakers can develop more effective strategies to support the growth of the aquaculture sector and contribute to a more sustainable and equitable food system.

Also read: Chamber of Aquaculture Ghana Calls for Abstracts. Submit Your Papers by July 30, 2025

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